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Mental stress has been recognized as an essential risk factor for hypertension. Therefore, experts specializing in cardiology, psychiatry, and Traditional Chinese Medicine organized by the Psycho-cardiology Group, College of Cardiovascular Physicians of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Hypertension Group of the Chinese Society of Cardiology proposed the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of adult mental stress-induced hypertension in March 2021, which includes the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the mental stress-induced hypertension. This consensus will hopefully facilitate the clinical practice of this disorder. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the primary global sources of psychosocial stressors since the beginning of 2020, and the revision of this expert consensus in 2022 has increased the relevant content. This consensus consists of two parts. The sections of Part A include (I) Background and epidemiological characteristics, (II) Pathogenesis, and (III) Diagnosis. The sections of Part B contain (IV) Treatment recommendations, and (V) Prospects. This article presents Part B of the consensus. © 2022 Heart and Mind ;Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
ABSTRACT
Mental stress has been recognized as an essential risk factor for hypertension. Therefore, experts specializing in cardiology, psychiatry, and Traditional Chinese Medicine organized by the Psycho-Cardiology Group of College of Cardiovascular Physicians of Chinese Medical Doctor Association and Hypertension Group of Chinese Society of Cardiology proposed the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of adult mental stress-induced hypertension in March 2021, which includes the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the mental stress-induced hypertension. This consensus will hopefully facilitate the clinical practice of this disorder. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the primary global sources of psychosocial stressors since the beginning of 2020, and the revision of this expert consensus in 2022 has increased the relevant content. This consensus consists of Part A and Part B. Part A includes (I) Background and epidemiological characteristics, (II) Pathogenesis, and (III) Diagnosis and Part B includes (IV) Treatment recommendations and (V) Prospects. This part presents the content of Part A. © 2022 Heart and Mind ;Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
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Background: Case series have described high rates of AKI in critically ill persons with covid-19. However, no study has directly compared kidney outcomes in similarly ill persons with and without covid-19 that are contemporaneously enrolled. Method(s): We assessed 346 participants from a study of covid-19 in critical illness enrolled from University of Washington from April 2020 to May 2021. Patients in the ICU were recruited if symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection prompted covid testing. 2/3 of the cohort were covid positive;the remaining 1/3 had another cause of respiratory illness and served as controls. We defined major adverse kidney events (MAKE) as doubling of serum creatinine, dialysis, or death during hospitalization. Among 186 patients with available urine samples, we also assessed kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and Cr. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting with propensity scores to increase similarity between the comparison groups. Result(s): Mean age was 55 years;64% were male, and mean admission serum Cr was 1.3 +/- 1.0 mg/dL. Baseline characteristics, including APACHE III and SOFA scores, were similar between groups after propensity weighting. Among Covid-19 patients the incidence of MAKE was 45% and in non-covid-19 patients was 26%. Covid-19 positivity was associated with a 55% greater incidence of MAKE and each component of MAKE was numerically higher in the covid-19 positive group (figure). The covid positive group had lower urine EGF levels (indexed to urine Cr) over time. Urine KIM-1 levels were similar. Conclusion(s): The incidences of clinical kidney outcomes are numerically higher in critically ill patients with covid-19 compared with similarly ill control patients without covid-19. Urinary concentrations of EGF are lower in covid positive patients.
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Anthropogenic forcing has approximately halved the probability of 2020 June-July persistent heavy mei-yu rainfall event based on HadGEM3-GA6 simulations without considering the COVID-induced aerosol emission reduction.
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The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading worldwide. Rapid screening and isolation of infected individuals, including asymptomatic individuals, is one of the key steps to control the epidemic. Lateral flow assay is a mature technique for point-of-care detection. Owing to its advantages of simple operation, fast response and robustness, lateral flow assay has been a powerful tool for rapid detection of biomarkers. This paper summarized the recent research progresses of lateral flow assays for the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection, with antibody, protein, or nucleic acid as detection targets, and the advantages and limitations of different detection methodologies were shortly discussed. Finally, we briefly introduced the currently commercialized lateral flow test strips for COVID-19 diagnostics. © 2021, Editorial Department of Chem. J. Chinese Universities. All right reserved.
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Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province in 2021 and to provide scientific basis for developing improved strategies to prevent and control the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods: Descriptive analysis of the outbreak of COVID-19 in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province was performed with SPSS 21.0 and Excel software. The statistical analysis of the incubation period was performed using the rstan package in R4.0.4. Results: As of February 14th 2021, a total of 942 local confirmed cases were reported in Hebei Province, 869 cases in Shijiazhuang, of which 847 cases were available for case information. This outbreak was mainly in rural areas, with the largest number of confirmed cases in Xiaoguozhuang village, 249 (29.4%); followed by Nanqiaozhai village, 128 (15.1%); and Liujiazuo village, 85 (10.0%). The outbreak lasted from January 2nd, 2021 to February 14th, 2021, and was mainly transmitted among the farmers as well as the students through dining parties, public gatherings and family contacts, showing an obvious time and occupation concentration trend. An analysis of 116 local confirmed cases in this outbreak with specific exposure time and onset time indicated that the median incubation period was 6 [interquartile range(IQR): 3.3, 10.0] days; whereas another report including 264 local confirmed cases with specific exposure time window showed that a median incubation period was 8.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8-18.8] days. Conclusions: This outbreak was mainly related to rural areas, and was associated with parties, public gatherings and family gatherings. Self-protection and isolation of key areas and populations at risk should be effectively implemented to avoid close contact and other measures to reduce the occurrence of COVID-19 aggregation. Based on the results of the incubation period of this outbreak, the isolation period could be recommended to be extended to three weeks.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , China/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , HumansABSTRACT
The spread of COVID-19 is one of the most impactful global events in recent years. It has destroyed the U.S. economy and financial market. In just several months, the stock market experienced major fluctuations, the entire economy has basically stopped, and the unemployment rate peaked. Its severity even penetrated people's daily lives;many are not getting basic requirements needed for survival. As cases increase daily, more and more are concerned with how the future will look like and what this pandemic will do to the economy in the long run. Faced with many uncertainties in macroeconomic trends and the continuous spreading of the virus, I have compared this current crisis with the subprime mortgage crisis in 2008. With a goal to reasonably forecast future developments of the U.S. economy, from both micro and macro perspectives, financial market trends and government actions have been analyzed. Specifically, the two events' causes, essences, policies' effectiveness, and ot ar factors have been evaluated and suggestions in adjusting government policies have also been made. Unlike the 2008 crisis, this crisis will require longer, more complex, and more flexible processes and regulations to recover, and citizens should be prepared for this slow recovery. But overall, a promising outlook for the U.S. economy still stands in the long-run. © The Authors, publis ad by EDP Sciences, 2020.